Numerical analysis and optimization of boundary layer suction on airfoils

Numerical approach of hybrid laminar flow control(HLFC) is investigated for the suction hole with a width between 0.5 mm and 7 mm. The accuracy of Menter and Langtry’s transition model applied for simulating the flow with boundary layer suction is validated. The experiment data are compared with the computational results. The solutions show that this transition model can predict the transition position with suction control accurately. A well designed laminar airfoil is selected in the present research. For suction control with a single hole, the physical mechanism of suction control, including the impact of suction coefficient and the width and position of the suction hole on control results, is analyzed. The single hole simulation results indicate that it is favorable for transition delay and drag reduction to increase the suction coefficient and set the hole position closer to the trailing edge properly. The modified radial basis function(RBF) neural network and the modified differential evolution algorithm are used to optimize the design for suction control with three holes. The design variables are suction coefficient, hole width, hole position and hole spacing. The optimization target is to obtain the minimum drag coefficient. After optimization,the transition delay can be up to 17% and the aerodynamic drag coefficient can decrease by 12.1%.     

基于时频图像形态学的雷达信号IF估计

针对低信噪比下雷达信号的IF估计,提出一种将时频分析和图像处理相结合的估计方法.首先通过时频变换将一维信号转化为二维时频图像;然后采用形态学方法去除时频图像上的噪声点和毛刺,并将其骨骼化;最后采用图像处理中标注连接分量的方法,区分出不同分量的雷达信号以及噪声分量,并通过统计信号分量的行索引和列索引估计出信号的IF.对SFM、LFM和FSK信号的IF估计进行了仿真分析,实验结果表明该方法能够在较低信噪比下有效地估计出信号的IF,同时也适用于多分量信号.     

连续尺度变换方程在稳态及非稳态流动模拟中的应用

为了提高涡粘性假设的湍流模型对于非稳态流动的求解精度,同时兼顾其对于稳态流动的求解性能,将雷诺应力项与连续变换方程(CSSE)结合而形成新的应力项,使其根据流场尺度、网格尺度及Kolmogorov尺度来自动调节当地的应力雷诺应力模化水平,避免网格因素在流场模拟中产生不利影响,改正了混合RANS/LES方法的速度型偏离对数率问题;同时,该方法并未引入显式亚格子模型(SGS),因此回避了亚格子系数确定对于流场模拟精度产生的影响,改善了湍流模型对于流动不稳定性的辨识精度。在湍流平板算例中,CSSE方法计算的边界层速度型精度与雷诺平均方法(RANS)相当,而对于圆柱尾迹的模拟则证明了CSSE方法具有混合RANS/LES方法的优点,即能够准确模拟流动的不稳定性特征。     

Generalized Kutta–Joukowski theorem for multi-vortex and multi-airfoil flow(a lumped vortex model)

For purpose of easy identification of the role of free vortices on the lift and drag and for purpose of fast or engineering evaluation of forces for each individual body,we will extend in this paper the Kutta–Joukowski(KJ) theorem to the case of inviscid flow with multiple free vortices and multiple airfoils. The major simplification used in this paper is that each airfoil is represented by a lumped vortex,which may hold true when the distances between vortices and bodies are large enough. It is found that the Kutta–Joukowski theorem still holds provided that the local freestream velocity and the circulation of the bound vortex are modified by the induced velocity due to the outside vortices and airfoils. We will demonstrate how to use the present result to identify the role of vortices on the forces according to their position,strength and rotation direction. Moreover,we will apply the present results to a two-cylinder example of Crowdy and the Wagner example to demonstrate how to perform fast force approximation for multi-body and multi-vortex problems. The lumped vortex assumption has the advantage of giving such kinds of approximate results which are very easy to use. The lack of accuracy for such a fast evaluation will be compensated by a rigorous extension,with the lumped vortex assumption removed and with vortex production included,in a forthcoming paper.     

审核的有效性与体系的有效性

论述了质量体系认证审核的有效性与体系有效性的关系。国内外在质量体系认证中通常只注重符合性审核，而忽视有效性审核，故此使得体系审核的有效性大打折扣。英国《质量世界》杂志于１９９７年１０月号在“问答”专栏中反映了这种情况，并以举例形式说明了如何确定质量体系的有效性。     

幂律过程拟合优度检验的功效比较

幂律过程常被用于描述复杂系统的可靠性增长模型和可修系统的可靠性分析。本文考虑定数截尾场合幂律过程的７种拟合优度检验统计量，在备选假设为对数幂律过程时，比较了这７种检验法的功效。大量随机模拟计算表明，当ｒ在较宽的范围内，Ｆ检验法的功效比其余６种检验法都要高。     

大学英语教学情境式设问应用策略初探

将情境式设问与授课内容导入交互结合的模式融入精读课堂教学,能有效提高教学效果和效率。本文以《21世纪大学英语》(读写教程第三册)Unit3,Text A,The Sense of Wonder为例,具体分析了情境式设问与课文内容导入相结合的课堂设计方案和应用策略。     

基于少量数据确定航空发动机涡轮叶片的寿命分布

通过分析第一级高压涡轮转子(HPT-1)叶片现场故障数据,综合考虑影响HPT-1叶片寿命的因素、故障模式、维修情况等,建立三维数学模型,通过降维处理得出HPT-1叶片寿命分布柱状图,使用最小二乘法减少所拟合的威布尔寿命分布曲线与柱状图之间的误差。为处理现场数据提供一种切实可行的方法,且为航空公司维修管理部门安排HPT-1叶片维修操作提供依据,对减少飞机停机时间、提高航空公司运作效益有着重要的意义。     

A mission template for exploration and damage mitigation of potential hazard of Near Earth Asteroids

The Apophis Exploratory and Mitigation Platform (AEMP) concept was developed as a prototype mission to explore and potentially deflect the Near Earth Asteroid (NEA) 99942 Apophis. Deflection of the asteroid from the potential 2036 impact will be achieved using a gravity tractor technique, while a permanent deflection, eliminating future threats, will be imparted using a novel albedo manipulation technique. This mission will serve as an archetypal template for future missions to small NEAs and could be adapted to mitigate the threat of collision with other potential Earth-crossing objects.     

一种新型恒温—温补晶体振荡器

提出了一种ＯＣＸＯ的恒温控制方法。该方法是利用乙醇的沸点制成换态式恒温箱。这种温度控制方法既可以用作中准确度的ＯＣＸＯ，又可以作为精密双层控温ＯＣＸＯ的外层恒温装置，还可以与简单的温补线路结合，构成高准确度的ＯＴＣＸＯ。